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Origin and history

The cross of intersection of Saint-Jean-le-Vieux is a historical monument located in the village of the same name, in Nouvelle-Aquitaine. Dated from the seventeenth century, it is located at the intersection of the paths taken by pilgrims going to Santiago de Compostela. Its strategic location and distinctive shape make it an emblematic landmark for travellers of the time.

The structure of the cross rests on a monolith column surmounted by a capital, which is placed on a pedestal of four steps. Ball florets adorn the top and ends of the arms of the cross, while winged angel heads support them. A recent inscription, engraved on the pedestal, attests to its heritage importance, although its exact text is not specified in the sources.

Classified as a historical monument by decree of 19 March 1971, this cross now belongs to the commune of Saint-Jean-le-Vieux. Its state of conservation and its location, noted as "passable" (5/10) in the Merimée base, underline its role both religious and practical for pilgrims and local inhabitants in the seventeenth century. No information is available on its sponsor or the craftsmen who participated in its construction.

The historical context of this cross is part of a period when the Pyrénées-Atlantiques, then integrated into the Kingdom of France, saw a rise in religious movements. Crosses often served as landmarks, places of prayer or protection for travellers, reflecting the piety and community organization of the time. These monuments also marked territorial boundaries or intersections of important routes, as is probably the case here.

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