Beginning of Neolithic Occupation vers 4500 av. J.-C. (≈ 100 av. J.-C.)
First trace of habitat in the Middle Neolithic.
vers 500 av. J.-C.
End of Protohistoric Occupation
End of Protohistoric Occupation vers 500 av. J.-C. (≈ 100 av. J.-C.)
Gradual abandonment at the age of iron.
16 juin 1993
Registration Historic Monument
Registration Historic Monument 16 juin 1993 (≈ 1993)
Official protection of Grammont remains.
Aujourd'hui
Aujourd'hui
Aujourd'hui Aujourd'hui (≈ 2025)
Position de référence.
Heritage classified
Fortified habitat, sited Le Grammont (cad. Beaucourt B 169, 196, 197, 200; Montbouton ZC 16): inscription by order of 16 June 1993
Origin and history
The fortified habitat of Grammont, situated on horseback in the communes of Beaucourt and Montbouton in the Territory of Belfort, is a major archaeological site of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté. This monument, classified as a Historical Monument since 1993, reveals an uninterrupted human occupation of the Middle Neolithic (c. 4500 BC) until the First Iron Age (c. 500 BC). The excavations and studies showed a structured camp, showing a social and defensive organisation developed from Neolithic time, then reinvested in the Bronze Age.
The site is part of a coherent archaeological complex, partially covering the neighbouring commune of Montbouton. Protected features include remains of fortified habitat, located at Le Grammont, on specified cadastral parcels (Beaucourt B 169, 196, 197, 200; Montbouton ZC 16). The property today belongs to the commune of Beaucourt. Although the sources mention an approximate location (6 Rue des Champs Houdins in Montbouton), the cartographic accuracy remains limited, estimated at 5/10 by the databases.
The importance of the site lies in its exceptional longevity (nearly 4,000 years of occupation) and its dual vocation: place of life and defensive structure. Architectural artifacts and traces suggest a gradual adaptation of populations to technological and social changes, from the early Neolithic sedentary communities to protohistoric iron age societies. No information is available on any historical characters related to the site, or on specific events taking place there.
Available sources (Monumentum, Merimée base) highlight its inclusion in the inventory of Historical Monuments in 1993, without specifying the exact reasons for this protection. The site is not explicitly presented as open to the public, and no mention is made of guided tours, museums or tourist developments. Its primary interest lies in its scientific value for understanding habitat dynamics in Western Europe during recent prehistory.
