Construction of the maladry XIVe siècle (≈ 1450)
Period of foundation of the site
24 octobre 2022
Historical Monument
Historical Monument 24 octobre 2022 (≈ 2022)
Protection of facades, roofs and enclosures
Aujourd'hui
Aujourd'hui
Aujourd'hui Aujourd'hui (≈ 2025)
Position de référence.
Heritage classified
The facades and roofs of the buildings – old chapel transformed into a house, agricultural outbuildings (grange-table, cazelle and small house); the fence wall of the enclosure with the three openings evoking a window, the well and the ground of plots 251 and 286 of the leprosy located at the place called La Malautie, RD 76, as delimited in red on the plan annexed to the decree. The above-named items are shown in cadastre section Q, plots 251 and 286: inscription by order of 24 October 2022
Key figures
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The source text does not mention any historical actors
Origin and history
Villeneuve's Madrery, known as La Malautie, is a 14th century architectural complex located 800 metres from the village. This historic site, now classified as a Historic Monument, consists of an enclosure bounded by a wall of openings evoking a window, as well as a chapel transformed into a dwelling. The adjacent agricultural buildings (grange-table, cazelle and maisonnette) complete this site with a well located on the other side of the departmental road 76.
The ensemble, owned by the municipality, illustrates the typical spatial organization of medieval maladries, designed to isolate lepers while allowing limited exchanges with the outside via flat-passes or counters. The chapel, the spiritual heart of the site, and the agricultural outbuildings bear witness to the relative autonomy of these settlements, often located on the outskirts of villages. Parcels 251 and 286, protected by decree of 24 October 2022, also include soil and well, which are inseparable from the health and social history of the region.
The location of the maladry, reported as fair (note 5/10) in the databases, corresponds to the address Route départementale 76 or 703 Route du Cap de Girou à Villeneuve (Aveyron). This monument offers a concrete example of architecture dedicated to the management of epidemics in the Middle Ages, in a department then integrated into the Midi-Pyrénées region (now Occitanie). The protected elements, such as facades, roofs and the fence wall, underline the heritage importance of this site, both medical, religious and agricultural.
