Timeline

Heritage classified

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Origin and history

The dolmen Pierre de Villebon, also known as the dolmen de Beaumont, is a megalithic monument dated to Neolithic, located in the commune of Trizay-lès-Bonneval. This archaeological site, classified as historical monuments as early as 1889, illustrates the collective funeral buildings typical of this prehistoric period. Its precise location is mentioned as "near the board of houses" (cadastral park A 583), in a rural environment marked by historical agricultural occupation.

The town of Trizay-lès-Bonneval, attached to the department of Eure-et-Loir in the region Centre-Val de Loire, includes among its heritage two protected buildings: this dolmen and the church Saint-Martin of the 12th century. The dolmen, by its early classification, emphasizes the importance attached from the 19th century to the preservation of prehistoric remains in France. Its state of conservation and its location in a predominantly agricultural territory (96.6% of cultivated land in 2018) is a rare example of neolithic practices in this area.

The geographic context of the dolmen is marked by the presence of the Ozanne River, a tributary of the Loir, and an altered ocean climate, characteristic of the Central Plains. Although the source text does not detail the specific excavations or discoveries related to this dolmen, its classification among the first French historical monuments (list of 1889) attests to its heritage value. The town, rural and sparsely populated (323 inhabitants in 2023), is part of the attraction area of Châteaudun, without any direct impact on the prehistoric site.

No information is available from sources concerning archaeological excavations, discovered objects, or rituals associated with this dolmen. Its alternative name ("de Beaumont") could indicate a link with a former fief or locality, but this hypothesis is not confirmed by the text. The protection of the monument is part of a broader policy of safeguarding the megalithic heritage, then threatened by the agricultural re-memberments and the emerging urbanization at the end of the 19th century.

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