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Former Saint-Lazare prison, now Saint-Lazare Hospital à Paris 1er dans Paris

Paris

Former Saint-Lazare prison, now Saint-Lazare Hospital

    12 Rue Léon Schwartzenberg
    75010 Paris 10e Arrondissement
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Ancienne prison Saint-Lazare, devenue hôpital Saint-Lazare
Crédit photo : photographie de presse / Agence Rol - Sous licence Creative Commons

Timeline

Moyen Âge central
Bas Moyen Âge
Renaissance
Temps modernes
Révolution/Empire
XIXe siècle
Époque contemporaine
1200
1300
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
XIIe siècle
Leprosy Foundation
1632
Assignment to Vincent de Paul
1794
Prison under the Terror
1834
Construction by Baltard
1927
Closure of the prison
2005
Monumental ranking
Aujourd'hui
Aujourd'hui

Heritage classified

All the buildings due to the architect Louis-Pierre Baltard: the facades and roofs of the old infirmary, the floor of the courtyard and the entire chapel of the former prison (Box AP 48): inscription by decree of 28 November 2005

Key figures

Saint Vincent de Paul - Founder of the Congregation Acquire the site in 1632.
André Chénier - Guillotined poet Prisoner under the Terror.
Louis-Pierre Baltard - Architect Designed chapel and infirmary in 1834.
Mata Hari - Espioness imprisoned Detained before execution.
Hubert Robert - Painter detained Creates works in prison.
Louise Michel - Community imprisoned Revolutionary figure imprisoned.

Origin and history

The former Saint-Lazare prison, located at 107 rue du Faubourg-Saint-Denis in the 10th arrondissement of Paris, has its origins in the 12th century with a leprosy founded by the Hospitallers. Ceded in 1632 to Saint Vincent de Paul, she became the mother house of the Congregation of the Mission. From the 17th century it served as a prison for specific categories: sons of families, debauched wives, alienated or undisciplined priests. During the Revolution, it was a place of political imprisonment, especially during the Terror, where 165 prisoners were executed in 1794.

In the 19th century, the prison was renovated by architect Louis-Pierre Baltard, who built a chapel and infirmary in 1834. She then became a prison for women, intimately linked to the regulation of Parisian prostitution, with sections dedicated to prostitutes "unsuspected" and young girls placed in paternal correction. In 1857 it housed about 1,300 inmates, divided into three sections: women prisoners, prostitutes, and protected minors. The custody of the inmates was entrusted to the Sisters of Marie-Joseph from 1849.

The prison closed in 1927 and was partially demolished in 1930, leaving room for a "health house" for women until 1955. In 1961, it became an outbuilding of the Lariboisière Hospital under the name of Saint-Lazare Hospital, before closing permanently in 1998. Today, only Baltard's chapel and infirmary remain, classified as historical monuments in 2005. The site has been redesigned with cultural equipment, including the Françoise-Sagan media library, which was inaugurated in 2015.

Saint-Lazare marked popular culture, inspiring works such as Les Mystères de Paris by Eugene Sue or the song À Saint-Lazare by Aristide Bruant. She welcomed famous female prisoners such as Mata Hari, Louise Michel, or Germaine Berton, as well as revolutionary prisoners such as André Chénier and the Marquis de Sade. Its history reflects the prison, medical and social evolutions of Paris, from the Ancien Régime to modernity.

The architecture of the site, characterized by Baltard buildings and subsequent renovations, bears witness to its complex past. The 17th century crypts, partially preserved until 1971, and the currency of necessity issued at the beginning of the 20th century illustrate its historical diversity. Today, the historic square houses public facilities, perpetuating its vocation as a place for the Parisian community.

External links