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Origin and history

Caylus Castle, also known as Cailus Castle, is a 15th century fortified building located in Rouairoux, Tarn. Originally owned by Bernon's family, it became by alliance the possession of Caylus in the 16th century. This castle, the historic centre of the village, was elevated to the rank of Barony in 1680, then Marquisat in 1749, before the village took over its original name, Rouairoux, in 1802.

In the 19th century, the castle was acquired by Pierre Antoine Louis Euremond Poumayrac de Masredon, who became its mayor. Subsequently, he underwent architectural transformations, especially in the 19th century, with the addition of false decorative mâchicoulis and sled windows. A chapel and a landscaped park were also built in the early 20th century.

Archaeological excavations conducted in 2018 revealed medieval remains, including walls and traces of tiles dating back to the fifth century, confirming the site's seniority. These discoveries underline the historical importance of the castral mound, still partially unexplored.

The castle, partially rebuilt in neo-medieval style from 1893 by architect Paul Gout, retains defensive elements such as a square tower and circular turret. Its facades, roofs, and some interiors have been protected under the Historic Monuments since 2016.

The monument illustrates the architectural and social evolution of a medieval seigneury in Marquisat, while at the same time bearing witness to the aesthetic transformations of the 19th and 20th centuries. Its park, organized in terraces, takes over the site of the old fortifications, mixing history and landscape.

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