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Origin and history

The Dolmen de La Salle des Fées, located in Sainte-Pazanne in Loire-Atlantique, is a megalithic building dating from the Neolithic period. It is also known as Dolmen de Port Faissant. This monument was classified as historical monuments in 1889, recognizing its heritage and archaeological significance.

Described by Pitre de Lisle du Dreneuc at the end of the 19th century, the dolmen consists of a large cover table measuring 2.75 m long by 2.30 m wide, resting on an orthostat. A second table, of similar dimensions, is overturned nearby. Five other stone blocks are visible around the building, although its structure is now partially masked by brush. Originally interpreted as a covered aisle, it is now considered an angeline dolmen.

In the 19th century, observations evoked engravings on the stones of the dolmen, including a monstrous figure nicknamed the beast of Port Faissant and a human representation. However, during an archaeologists' visit in 1875, these sculptures proved to be natural forms due to the erosion of sandstone. These misinterpretations illustrate the challenges of studying megalithic monuments, often altered by time.

A second dolmen, now disappeared, would have existed on the other bank of the Tenu, opposite that of La Salle des Fées. This site, although less documented, suggests a concentration of megalithic monuments in this area during the Neolithic period. Subsequent excavations and studies, such as those carried out by Joël Gauvrit or Michel Tessier, contributed to a better understanding of megalithism in Retz.

The Dolmen de La Salle des Fées is part of a regional context marked by a dense neolithic occupation, where megalithic monuments probably served as burial sites or community gathering sites. Its preservation, despite the degradations suffered over the centuries, makes it a valuable testimony to the practices and beliefs of the prehistoric societies of Loire-Atlantique.

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