Timeline

Heritage classified

Key figures

Origin and history

The idea of a royal square and a uniform facade of the docks bordering the Garonne has gradually emerged. In 1729, the architect Jacques Gabriel proposed three projects, including that of the Quai de la Douane, carried out in 1731. This quay and its facades mark the beginning of a homogeneous architectural ordinance, combining ground floor, arched basement, and square floors surmounted by a Mansard attic.

In 1746, intendant Claude Boucher obtained the agreement of the jurats to create a first dock. At his death, Aubert de Tourny took over the project with Ange-Jacques Gabriel, son of Jacques. In 1748, the monumental perspective was completed, extending the Place Royale (future Place de la Bourse) opposite the river. The facades, although partially modified (disappearance of balconies or supports), retain their original character thanks to their carved frames and larmies.

The arcades on the ground floor, originally designed for public or commercial use, now house shops. Some have been altered, but the whole remains representative of classic Bordeaux urbanism of the eighteenth century. The façade and roof of the 20 quai Richelieu have been protected since 1951, reflecting their heritage value.

This project is part of a desire to modernize and embellish Bordeaux, reflecting the influence of Parisian models under Louis XV. The architects Gabriel, father and son, applied principles of harmony and symmetry, characteristic of French classical architecture.

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