Timeline

Heritage classified

Key figures

Origin and history

The idea of a royal square and a uniform facade of the docks bordering the Garonne has gradually emerged. In 1729, the architect Jacques Gabriel proposed three projects, including that of the Quai de la Douane, realized in 1731 with its characteristic facades. This first development marks the beginning of an ambitious urban transformation, although the accession of local authorities (the jurats) was only achieved in 1746 under the impetus of intendant Claude Boucher.

On the death of Boucher, his successor, Aubert de Tourny, revived the project in collaboration with Ange-Jacques Gabriel, son of Jacques Gabriel. In 1748, a monumental perspective was built, extending the Place Royale (now Place de la Bourse) towards the river. This architectural ordinance is distinguished by an arch base in the middle of the hanger, two square floors, and an attic with the Mansard pierced with skylights. The facades, although partially altered (disappearance of wrought iron balconies), retain their original character thanks to their carved frames and lamers.

The ground floor, originally designed as public or commercial spaces, now houses shops, sometimes to the detriment of original arcades. The facade and roof of the building located in the Victor-Hugo courtyard were protected by a registration order in 1951, recognizing their heritage value in the architectural complex of the Bordeaux docks.

This urban project illustrates the 18th century authorities' desire to modernize Bordeaux, creating a coherent and prestigious image for the city, both functional (port activities) and symbolic (Royal and Local Power). The uniform facades reflect the influence of French classicism, while adapting to the topographic and economic constraints of the time.

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