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Origin and history

The house des Gazons is a house located in Neuilly-le-Réal, in the department of l'Allier, in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. Built at the end of the 18th century, it is representative of the Bourbonnais civilian dwellings of that time. The building consists of a rectangular body of polychrome bricks, accompanied by a building of small communes, arranged around a square courtyard. This type of construction reflects the influence of local architectural models, adapted to the needs of land administrators or landowners of the time.

Inside, two rooms retain a characteristic 18th century decor, marked by a return to ancient motifs. The first room houses a niche framed with fluted pilasters with ionic capitals, topped by a frieze of d'oves and darts. These elements, as well as the top of a fireplace decorated with a basket of fruit and foliage, highlight the neoclassical inspiration of the place. In a second room, another chimney top features uncanned Corinthian capital pilasters, supporting an architrave sculpted with symmetrical and stylized foliage. These decorative details testify to the refinement of the Bourbon interiors at this time.

The house of the Gazons was listed as historic monuments by order of 21 March 1983, thereby recognizing its heritage value. This protection applies specifically to the facades and roofs of the main building and those of the communes. The monument is part of a historical context where Bourbonnais, a rural and agricultural region, sees the development of a civil architecture adapted to local elites, combining functionality and aesthetics inspired by antiquity.

The building, originally the house of a director, illustrates the social and economic role of these residences in the management of agricultural estates. Its construction of polychrome bricks, typical materials of the region, and its spatial organization reflect the hierarchies and lifestyles of the era. Today, the house of the Gazons remains a preserved example of this architectural heritage, offering a tangible testimony of local history and artistic influences of the eighteenth century.

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