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Origin and history

The metro entrance to Cadet Station, located at the corner of La Fayette and Cadet streets in the 9th arrondissement of Paris, was designed in 1900 by architect Hector Guimard (1867-1942). This monument is part of the project to enhance access to the Paris metro, launched at the Universal Exhibition in 1900. Guimard, although not having won the official competition organized by the Compagnie du chemin de fer métropolitain de Paris (CMP), is entrusted the mission in obscure circumstances, probably thanks to political support and his reputation as an innovative architect, especially after his success with Castel Béranger.

The Guimard metro entrances are distinguished by their Art Nouveau style, mixing iron, cast iron, glass and enamelled lava. The architect offers two types of edicles (models A and B) and simpler entourages, composed of cast iron balustrades and candelabras decorated with "Metropolitan" signs. These creations, initially criticized for their aesthetics considered too bold, quickly become a symbol of the Parisian landscape. Despite their popular success, they were gradually abandoned after 1913, with the CMP favouring more sober and economical models.

The Cadet station, located on line 7 inaugurated in 1910, preserves a typical surroundings of Guimard, characterized by its cast iron shields and slender candelabras. This access, like other works by Guimard, almost disappeared during the 20th century due to taste changes and maintenance needs. However, from the 1960s onwards, a heritage awareness led to the protection and restoration of these iconic entrances. The entourage of the Cadet station is finally listed in the Historic Monuments by order of 12 February 2016.

The Guimard metro entrances, including that of Cadet Station, illustrate the fusion between art and industry, the central principle of Art Nouveau. Their modular design, allowing production in series while maintaining a unique aesthetic, marked the history of urban furniture. Today, these works are regarded as masterpieces of the Parisian heritage, symbols of a time when architectural innovation and attention to ornamental detail met.

Hector Guimard, although in conflict with the CMP on financial and artistic issues, left a lasting impression on Paris. Its previously controversial metro entrances are now celebrated for their elegance and originality. The Cadet station, with its preserved surroundings, bears witness to this rehabilitation and the importance attached to the preservation of the Art Nouveau heritage in France.

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