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Origin and history

Mozac's judicial pillar, erected in the 17th century, is a historical vestige located in Mozac, Puy-de-Dôme. It marks the site of the ancient Church of St. Calmin, which disappeared today. This pillar, of parallelepipedic shape, carries on its face is a flower of lilies, symbol of the seigneury of Riom, while its west face has an abbey buttock, emblem of the Abbey of Mozat. These engravings illustrate the delimitation of the respective courts, formalized in 1348 by a transaction between the king of France, in his capacity as lord of Riom, and the abbot of Mozat.

The pillar is associated with a cross at its feet, together materializing the border between the two judicial territories. The monument, classified as Historical Monuments by decree of 20 July 1972, bears witness to conflicts and agreements related to the exercise of local power in the Middle Ages and in the modern era. Its current location, rue Henri-Pourrat and chemin de la Croix-Saint-Calmin, corresponds to the address recorded in the Mérimée base, although its geographical accuracy is considered poor (level 5/10).

Owned by the municipality of Mozac, this pillar recalls the importance of heraldic symbols in the affirmation of seigneurial and religious powers. The fleur de lilies and the abbatial buttock, by their visual opposition, underline the duality of the authorities in the presence: on the one hand, the king and his local representation in Riom; on the other, the spiritual and temporal authority of the abbot of Mozat. These elements are both legal, political and artistic.

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