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Origin and history

The obelisk called Croix des Pèlerins is an imposing monument located in Belin-Béliet, Gironde. It is about 4.50 metres high, dates from the 15th or 16th century and is presented in the form of an obelisk perched on an elevated column, itself fixed on a base of seven steps. Its listing in the Historical Monuments Inventory dates from 9 January 1990.

The original function of this cross remains undetermined. Several hypotheses have been put forward, but none is convincing. It may have served as a terrestrial bitter for the pilgrims of Compostela, although its proximity to the church and surrounding pine trees makes this theory unlikely. Another hypothesis suggests that it would be a cross of salvation, extending the right of asylum of the priory of Saint John of Mons, although its location between the priory and the church is atypical. Finally, some suggest a connection with the burial of Roland's companions, although there is no evidence to support this theory.

Belin-Béliet was a major stage on via Turonensis, one of the paths leading to Santiago de Compostela. From the Middle Ages, the locality welcomed pilgrims before crossing the Landes, considered difficult. The Liber Sancti Jacobi (XII century) even mentions that the bodies of some of Roland's companions, who died in Roncevaux, were buried there, attracting many visitors. This legend, although refuted by historians, contributed to the fame of the place.

The Pilgrim Cross is part of a landscape marked by other religious and historical monuments, such as the Saint-Pierre-de-Mons church, founded in the late 11th century, or the Saint-Clair fountain, renowned for its miraculous virtues. These elements demonstrate the spiritual and cultural importance of Belin-Béliet, especially for pilgrims on their way to Compostela.

Despite the uncertainties surrounding its origin, the Pilgrim Cross remains a strong symbol of local heritage. Its imposing structure and mysterious history make it an emblematic monument, linked to both medieval legends and jacquarian devotion. Its inscription in the Historic Monuments underscores its heritage value and its role in the religious history of the region.

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