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Heritage classified

Key figures

Origin and history

The Château d'Avigneau, located in the eponymous hamlet of Escamps (Yonne), is a building of Renaissance origin that was profoundly renovated in the seventeenth century. Private property not open to the visit, it is distinguished by its initial rectangular plan with three round towers, partially preserved moats, and a stone bridge with three arches. The house body, dating back to the 15th-17th centuries, has a symmetrical main façade with two pediment doors and triangular skylights. Ancient elements remain, like a square turret with a screw staircase and a vaulted room.

The history of the castle is marked by illustrious personalities: François I stayed there in 1541, followed by the Admiral de Coligny and the young Louis XIV in 1652, accompanied by his mother Anne of Austria. The estate, transmitted by alliances (family of Chastellux, Boucherat de la Rocatelle), was acquired in 1661 by Thomas Marie, mayor of Auxerre anobli for his role during the Fronde. After changes of owners in the 19th century, including the ancient Arsène Jouan, the castle was saved from ruin in 1924 by Hugues Roux before its inscription in the Historical Monuments in 1988.

Architecturally, the castle combines medieval remains (Gothic arcades, Renaissance Gate) with classical additions, such as the 18th century western pavilion, characterized by its Mansart roof and its mixed stone-brick masonry. The entrance gate, dated 1733, and the balustrades have been protected since 1988. The site, although private, can be admired from a pedestrian trail along the preserved moat.

The archives reveal a plan of 1782 describing a fortified quadrilateral with honor and common courses, now partially disappeared. Curiosities include elements re-used in the 20th century, such as arcades from a Pyrenean cloister. The castle thus illustrates the successive transformations of a seigneurial residence, between original defensive function and residence of pleasure.

The protection of 1988 covers the façades and roofs of the 17th century house, the dovecote, the entrance gate, as well as the balustrades and fences. The castle remains a testimony of local history, linked to national figures (Coligny, Louis XIV) and noble Burgundy families, while embodying architectural evolutions between Renaissance and classical times.

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