Timeline

Heritage classified

Key figures

Origin and history

It is a major archaeological site dating back to the second period of the Iron Age (La Tena, c. 450–50 BC). Its strategic location, on a rocky spur, made it a place of traffic control and refuge for Gaulish populations. The vestiges visible today, although partially eroded, bear witness to a prolonged occupation, with walls and defensive structures characteristic of the Celtic oppidas.

In medieval times, the site was reinvested, probably for its natural defensive potential. The traces of this period are less documented, but the classification of the oppidum as Historic Monument in 1984 underscores its heritage importance. The place, today on a private property, was rehabilitated by the association Page Vierge, which installed there a statue of the Virgin in local granite, carved by artisan Carzo de La Souterraine. This project has made it possible to enhance the site while respecting its historical character.

Access to the oppidum is via a marked path from the intersection between Châteauvieux and Les Chezeauds. A multisevere beech marks the beginning of the walk leading to the Rock of the Virgin, the highest point with stunning views. Handcrafted signs and in situ information guide visitors, although the site remains a private space to preserve. The accuracy of its geographic location is estimated at 6/10, reflecting approximate but usable GPS coordinates.

Administratively, the oppidum is listed in the Merimée database under the code Insee 23154, attached to the commune of Pionnat and the department of Creuse. The historic Limousin region, now part of New Aquitaine, is home to other comparable sites, but Châteauvieux is distinguished by its state of conservation and its remarkable natural setting. Available data (Monumentum, 2023) confirm its status as a classified site and its archaeological and tourist interest.

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