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Origin and history

The ramparts of Courthézon were built from the 13th century on the basis of stones extracted from the local quarries of Saint-Georges, already exploited by the Romans. These imposing fortifications served to protect the city, then integrated into the principality of Orange. Their route followed the relief of the hill on which Courthézon is built, with towers and doors strengthening their defensive role. Repair works were attested to in the 17th and 18th centuries, but their condition deteriorated after their cession by the commune in 1860. In 1984, the remaining parts were classified as Historic Monument, thus preserving a major medieval heritage of the region.

In the Middle Ages, Courthézon was a strategic issue for the princes of Orange, who owned a castle there (demoli in 1768). The ramparts, associated with this castle, formed a coherent defensive system, reflecting local conflicts, especially during the Wars of Religion where the Catholic city was besieged by the Huguenots. Their stone construction, typical of Provencal military architecture, also illustrates the persistent Roman influence in building techniques.

Today, the most monumental remains span several hundred meters and belong in part to the municipality. Their protection in 1984 and 2012 (additional registration) underscores their heritage value. These ramparts also recall the turbulent history of the principality of Orange, passed under French royal control in 1731, and the role of Courthézon as a regional stronghold since the 12th century.

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