Logo Musée du Patrimoine

All French heritage classified by regions, departments and cities

Saint-Étienne de Bassac Abbey en Charente

Patrimoine classé
Patrimoine religieux
Abbaye
Eglise gothique
Charente

Saint-Étienne de Bassac Abbey

    Rue Rixendis Loriches
    16120 Bassac
Ownership of an association; private property; property of the municipality
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Abbaye Saint-Étienne de Bassac
Crédit photo : JLPC - Sous licence Creative Commons

Timeline

Haut Moyen Âge
Moyen Âge central
Bas Moyen Âge
Renaissance
Temps modernes
Révolution/Empire
XIXe siècle
Époque contemporaine
1000
1100
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
1002
Foundation of the Abbey
1015
Consecration of the Abbey
1346 et 1434
Pillows during the Hundred Years War
1451-1476
Restoration by Henri de Courbon
1666
Mauritian reform
1677-1716
Reconstruction of buildings
1880
Historical Monument
1947-2012
Occupation by missionary brothers
Aujourd'hui
Aujourd'hui

Heritage classified

Saint-Etienne church: by order of 10 December 1880 - The entrance building: facades and roofs including the entrance gate; gallery of access to the vaulted cloister of warheads; First floor fireplace. Old cloister area including old gallery floor. Façades and roofs of the three building bodies surrounding the cloister area including the garden terrace of the south wing. East, west and south wing staircase. Hall called woodwork in the south wing. Old prison room with its stone fireplace on the ground floor of the east wing. Former garden of the Monks (cad. E 219 to 221, 223, 225 to 227): classification by decree of 27 June 1983 - Buildings corresponding to the former abbey house and former cellars, with the walls of enclosures and gates, as well as one of the gardens of this abbey (cad. E 222) and the ground of the plots on which these elements are located (cad. E 218, 222, 224, 228-233): inscription by order of 4 December 1995 - The Abbatial house, as well as the ground of the plot on which it is situated (Box E 225): inscription by order of 18 May 2012

Key figures

Wardrade Lorichès - Founder and Count of the Marche Created the abbey in 1002 with his wife.
Rixendis - Founder and wife of Wardrade She was buried in the abbey with her husband.
Guillaume de Vibrac - Abbé (1247-1286) The church was rebuilt in the 13th century.
Henri de Courbon - Abbé (1451-1476) Restaura and fortified the abbey after 1434.
Frère Jean Lacoste - Conversation Sculptor (end XVIIe) Author of baroque stalls and altarpieces.
Édouard Warin - Departmental architect (XIXe) Directed the restoration of 1871.

Origin and history

The Saint-Étienne de Bassac Abbey, located in Bassac, Charente, was founded in 1002 by Wardrade Lorichès, Count of the March and Lord of Jarnac, and his wife Rixendis, upon their return from a pilgrimage to Rome. The charter of foundation, signed in the presence of Guillaume Taillefer, Count of Angoulême, attests to the donation of lands, forests and seigneurial rights. The abbey, dedicated to Our Lady, St Stephen and the Apostles Peter and Paul, was consecrated around 1015 by the bishops Grimoard of Angoulême and Iso of Saintes. It became a prosperous Benedictine monastery, initially led by Abbé Aymard and twenty monks from Saint-Cybard Abbey.

Over the centuries, the abbey experienced tumultuous periods. Attached to the abbey of Saint-Jean-d During the Hundred Years' War, it was plundered twice: in 1346 by the Count of Derby, then in 1434 by the Anglo-Gascon troops, leading to the dispersion of monks and villagers. Father Henri de Courbon (1451-1476) undertook his restoration, strengthening the walls, rebuilding the abbey house and cloistering it. In the 16th century, the Wars of Religion worsened its damage: looted by Protestants in 1564, then besieged by Catholics in 1569 during the Battle of Jarnac.

The 17th century marked a revival under the impetus of dom Étienne and Raymond Hillayret. In 1636, the abbey, then in ruins (cold vaults, destroyed cloister, services celebrated in a side chapel), was affiliated with the Benedictine congregation of Saint Maur in 1666. The reconstruction works, led by architect Coutareles from 1677 to 1716, restored the church, the convent buildings and the sanctuary. The stalls and altarpieces, carved by Brother Jean Lacoste (1699-1700), and the wall decorations completed in 1730 by Girouard and Tournier, make it an exceptional religious furniture set. The French Revolution led to the sale of buildings as national property, transforming the abbey into a parish church.

In the 19th century, architect Edward Warin directed important restorations (1871), replacing the nave capitals with historicist sculptures. In 1947, the Congregation of the Missionary Brothers of St. Theresa of the Child Jesus bought the place, the restaurant until 2012. Classified as a historic monument since 1880, the abbey now combines medieval heritage (Romanesque clocher, Gothic church) and Maurist transformations. Its cloister, destroyed in 1820, and its 17th century convent buildings testify to its architectural and spiritual evolution.

The abbey church, rectangular with a flat bedside, preserves Romanesque (Western portal) and Gothic elements (shaped vaults, flamboyant bays). The bell tower, partially Romanesque, is surmounted by a conical 13th century arrow. The graves of the founders, Wardride and Rixendis, remain under an arch near the jube. The 15th century scalables, added for defense, and baroque retables illustrate the successive adaptations of the monument. In 2015-2016, the abbey hosted a Gate of Mercy as part of the Jubilee proclaimed by Pope Francis.

External links