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Castle estate (also on Lapenty town) à Saint-Symphorien-des-Monts dans la Manche

Patrimoine classé
Patrimoine défensif
Demeure seigneuriale
Château
Manche

Castle estate (also on Lapenty town)

    Le Gaugray
    50640 Saint-Symphorien-des-Monts
Château de Saint-Symphorien-des-Monts
Domaine du château également sur commune de Lapenty
Domaine du château également sur commune de Lapenty
Domaine du château également sur commune de Lapenty
Domaine du château également sur commune de Lapenty
Domaine du château également sur commune de Lapenty
Domaine du château également sur commune de Lapenty
Domaine du château également sur commune de Lapenty
Crédit photo : Xfigpower - Sous licence Creative Commons

Timeline

Bas Moyen Âge
Renaissance
Temps modernes
Révolution/Empire
XIXe siècle
Époque contemporaine
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
XIIIe-XIVe siècle
Construction of the first castle
1620
Construction of Louis XIII Castle
1793
Revolutionary seizure of the castle
1828
Construction of the new town hall
1848
Reconstruction of the castle
1916
Fire destruction
1971
Opening of the park to the public
1999
Closing after the storm
2012
Partial reopening of the park
Aujourd'hui
Aujourd'hui

Heritage classified

The facades and roofs of the two cottages (cad. Saint-Symphorien-des-Monts ZE 59, placed Le Bourg ; Lapenty ZI 23, placed La Basse-Court): registration by order of 16 August 2000 - Ferme de la Basse-Court: the facades and roofs of the house, stable, barn, henhouse, pighouse, press and bakery; the whole stable; walls and fences (cf. Lapenty ZI 23, placed La Basse-Court): registration by order of 9 June 2005

Key figures

Jehan de Vauborel - Lord of Lapenty and Saint-Symphorian Died in 1612, buried in the chapel.
Antoine Anne Nicolas de Géraldin - Marquis and large baili of Mortain Owner until the Revolution, musician and patron.
Charles Marie du Bourblanc d’Apreville - Emigrated during the Revolution Returned in 1802, last heir Géraldin.
Comte de Rougé - Rebuilder of the castle in 1848 Leave the estate to his nephew.
Charles-Édouard de Miramon Pesteils - Creator of the Eden Park* in 1971 Turns the park into an animal and floral space.
Comtesse Albane de Miramon - Park Manager after 1994 Pursues the work of her husband until 1999.

Origin and history

The estate of the château de Saint-Symphorien-des-Monts, situated on horseback in the communes of Saint-Symphorien-des-Monts and Lapenty, is a historical complex dating back to the 13th century. The first castle, surrounded by ditches and equipped with a drawbridge, leaves today only a square dungeon. In the 17th century, a new Louis XIII style castle was built in 1620 by the family of Vauborel, and seized during the Revolution in 1793 after the emigration of its owner, Charles Marie du Bourblanc from Apreville. The estate, temporarily used as a town hall after the Revolution, was marked by a fire in 1916 which destroyed the castle, whose ruins were razed in 1971.

The park, built into a leisure park in the early 18th century and transformed into an English-speaking park around 1830, extends over 63 hectares, 10 of which are open to the public. It houses remarkable elements such as a Neolithic covered walkway listed as a historical monument in 1977, a 19th century gardener's house, and a 16th century cottage. The park, transformed into an animal and floral park under the name of Eden Parc in 1971 by Count Charles-Édouard de Miramon Pesteils, suffered heavy damage during the storm of 1999, causing its closure until its partial reopening in 2012. Today, it preserves animals such as Shetland ponies, peacocks, and dwarf sheep, as well as rich vegetation.

The architecture of the 17th century castle, described in the 1793 inventories, revealed a building of sixteen windows spread over two levels, with skylights and a steep roof. The façade overlooked a courtyard of honour framed by two pavilions connected by granite balustrades, some of which still remain. The 13th century square dungeon, the only vestige of the first castle, was accompanied by a chapel. The richly furnished interiors included living rooms, room rooms, equipped kitchens, and outbuildings such as stables, a forge, and a bakery. The inventories also detail luxurious furniture, art works, and everyday objects, reflecting the aristocratic lifestyle of the time.

The seigneury of Saint-Symphorien-des-Monts was owned by several noble families, including Mahé, Vauborel, and Géraldin. In the 18th century, Antoine Anne Nicolas de Géraldin, Marquis and grand baili of Mortain County, lived there with his sister and family. His son-in-law, Charles Marie du Bourblanc of Apreville, emigrated in 1791 before returning in 1802. The estate then passed to the Counts of Rougé in the 19th century, then to the family of Miramon Pesteils in the 20th century. The coat of arms of successive families, such as those of the Mahé ("A giron of gold in the field of Gules") or of the Vauborel ("D'azur in the silver tower"), bear witness to their noble heritage.

Among the protected elements of the estate are the facades and roofs of two cottages, one from the sixteenth century, as well as the farm of the Basse-Court, registered in 2005 for its agricultural buildings (logis, stables, barn, press). The covered track of the Cartesières, dated 3000 BC, is a major archaeological vestige. The park, although partially reopened, still bears the stigma of the 1999 storm, which destroyed 3000 trees and animal enclosures. Its recent history is marked by the preservation efforts of the Counts of Miramon Pesteils, then by the Association of Friends of the Park.

Historical sources, such as the inventories of 1793 or the works of Jean Durand de Saint-Front, offer precise insight into the daily life and organization of the estate. The outbuildings, such as the bakery, the forge, or the stables, were home to intense economic activity, with servants, craftsmen, and peasants working for the lords. The Revolution marks a turning point, with the seizure of goods and the partial dispersion of furniture. In the 19th century, the count of Rougé rebuilt the castle in 1848, before its definitive destruction in 1965, leaving only the park and its outbuildings as witnesses to this prestigious past.

External links